Chronic Superficial Gastritis: Common Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations

Chronic superficial gastritis is a prevalent gastric mucosal lesion characterized by inflammation confined to the superficial layer of the gastric wall. The condition is often triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), unhealthy dietary habits, or psychological stress. While some patients remain asymptomatic, many experience a range of upper gastrointestinal discomforts. The most frequently reported symptoms include upper abdominal pain or discomfort, which may present as a dull ache or burning sensation. Patients often describe a feeling of fullness or distension after meals, even with small portions. Nausea, occasional vomiting, and acid reflux are also... Learn more

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Symptoms of Duodenal Ulcer

A duodenal ulcer typically presents with rhythmic, gnawing or burning epigastric pain that appears 2–3 h after meals or during the night and is promptly relieved by food, milk or antacids. Many patients also note early satiety, bloating, nausea and occasional retching; weight loss may occur because pain discourages eating. Pain can radiate to the back, and if an ulcer penetrates posteriorly it may cause continuous, non-relenting backache. Complications include sudden, severe, diffuse abdominal pain with board-like rigidity (perforation) or passage of black, tarry stools (bleeding). Alarm features—persistent vomiting, unexplained weight loss, anaemia, or recent onset of progressive symptoms—require urgent... Learn more

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What Are the Symptoms of Dysentery

Bacterial dysentery presents with rapid-onset colonic invasion, toxin damage and inflammatory exudate: Abdominal pain: mostly left-lower quadrant, colicky, worse before defecation, briefly relieved after Diarrhea: starts watery, quickly becomes mucopurulent and bloody; >10 stools/day, small volume Tenesmus: frequent urge, scanty difficult evacuation, strong anal bearing-down Fever: 38–40 °C with chills; toxic type may cause sudden convulsions Nausea/vomiting: more common in children; bilious in severe cases Mucopurulent bloody stool: dark or bright red, sticky, fishy odor Toxic type (ages 2–7): high fever, convulsions, altered consciousness or shock before diarrhea appears Seek care promptly if diarrhea >1 day with blood, tenesmus or... Learn more

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What Are the Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer?

Thyroid cancer is usually asymptomatic in early stages and often discovered incidentally. As the tumor enlarges or invades adjacent structures, the following may develop: Painless neck lumpMost common first sign—unilateral, firm, poorly mobile on swallowing, slowly but steadily enlarging . HoarsenessPersistent and unrelenting hoarseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion and vocal-cord palsy . DysphagiaCompression or invasion of the oesophageal entrance causes globus sensation and progressive difficulty swallowing solids . DyspnoeaTracheal compression or intraluminal growth produces inspiratory stridor and orthopnoea that worsen when lying flat . Cervical lymph-node swellingFirm, matted nodes in the lateral neck often indicate regional metastasis .... Learn more

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What Are the Symptoms of Acute Appendicitis?

Acute appendicitis results from luminal obstruction followed by bacterial overgrowth and rapid inflammation. Cardinal features in chronological order are: Migratory painVague periumbilical or upper-abdominal discomfort migrates to the right lower quadrant within 4–6 h and intensifies with movement, coughing or palpation. Gastro-intestinal upsetAnorexia, nausea and often vomiting; loose stools or constipation may mislead toward gastroenteritis. FeverLow-grade 37–38 °C early, rising >38.5 °C as inflammation advances; elderly or immunocompromised patients may remain afebrile. Peritoneal signsMaximal tenderness at McBurney point, rebound pain, guarding and hypo-active bowel sounds indicate parietal peritoneal irritation. Systemic toxicityTachycardia, malaise, thirst; high fever with pallor or hypotension suggests... Learn more

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