Tag Archives: bile-duct stones

Main Clinical Manifestations of Bile-Duct Stones

Choledocholithiasis denotes the presence of calculi within the extra- or intrahepatic bile ducts. Symptoms arise when a stone obstructs flow, triggers inflammation, or provokes infection. The presentation ranges from silent imaging findings to life-threatening sepsis. Biliary colicEpigastric or right-upper-quadrant pain begins 30–60 min post-prandially, peaks for ≥30 min, and radiates to the inter-scapular region or right shoulder. Movement does not relieve the discomfort, and analgesics are often required. Nausea and vomitingGastric stasis and vagal reflexes produce repeated retching that may transiently lessen pain. Fluctuating jaundiceIntermittent elevation of conjugated bilirubin produces scleral icterus, dark urine, and clay-coloured stools that wax and... Learn more

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  2. How is bile-duct stone disease treated?
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  5. Main Clinical Manifestations of Biliary Tract Diseases
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How is bile-duct stone disease treated?

The biliary tree is divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic systems.Extrahepatic bile ducts: gallbladder, common bile duct (CBD), common hepatic duct.Intrahepatic bile ducts: second-order and third-order segmental ducts.Treatment is chosen according to the exact location of the stone(s): Gallbladder stones – laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Common-bile-duct stones – laparoscopic CBD exploration with stone extraction. Intrahepatic stones complicated by cholangitis – often cause lobar atrophy; treat with hepatic lobectomy to remove the diseased parenchyma and relieve associated strictures. Diffuse intrahepatic stones (“full-liver” stones) – stricture-plasty or Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy is performed when extensive stricturing precludes simple clearance. Stone LocationDescriptionPrimary TreatmentGallbladderExtrahepatic; stones within the gallbladder lumenLaparoscopic... Learn more

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