Tag Archives: digestive health

What Are the Symptoms of Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder wall; 95 % of cases follow stone obstruction of the cystic duct. Core symptoms escalate over time: Colicky or persistent dull right-upper-quadrant pain, often sudden after a fatty meal, radiating to the right scapula or back Nausea and repeated vomiting that does not relieve the pain Fever ≥38 °C with chills, marking advancing inflammation Classic Murphy sign: inspiratory arrest when the examiner presses below the right costal margin Pain persisting >6 h suggests acute cholecystitis In severe cases jaundice, tachycardia or hypotension signals risk of suppuration or perforation Chronic cholecystitis presents... Learn more

What Are the Symptoms of Bile Reflux Gastritis

Bile reflux gastritis is chronic inflammation caused by duodenal contents (bile, pancreatic juice) flowing back into the stomach. Core symptoms result from bile irritation and breakdown of the gastric mucosal barrier: Burning or persistent dull upper-abdominal pain, worse after meals and poorly relieved by antacids Frequent belching with bitter or sour taste; bitter mouth noticeable on waking or when fasting Nausea and occasional bilious vomiting—yellow-green fluid without blood Early satiety and post-prandial fullness: reduced gastric accommodation, feeling full after small meals Loss of appetite and weight: decreased intake due to prolonged discomfort Epigastric heat: located higher than typical heartburn, aggravated... Learn more

Symptoms of Alcoholic Liver Disease

Patients often present with features linked to impaired hepatic metabolism and inflammation: Oliguria, rising creatinine: hepatorenal syndrome Fatigue: earliest and most common, easily overlooked Anorexia, nausea, vomiting: lead to weight loss Dull or dragging right upper quadrant pain: enlarged liver stretches Glisson capsule Jaundice: yellow skin/sclera indicate cholestasis Low-grade fever: cytokine-driven Ascites, leg edema: portal hypertension plus hypoalbuminaemia Spider naevi, palmar erythema: failed oestrogen clearance Confusion, somnolence: early hepatic encephalopathy Haematemesis, melaena: ruptured oesophageal/gastric varices Symptom groupTypical picturePathogenesisFatigueEarly, persistentImpaired hepatocyte energy metabolismGIAnorexia, nausea, RUQ acheCapsular stretch from hepatomegalyJaundiceYellow skin/scleraReduced bilirubin uptake/conjugationBleedingSpider naevi, epistaxis, melaenaDecreased clotting-factor synthesisAscites/oedemaDistended abdomen, pitting ankle oedemaPortal... Learn more

Symptoms of Gastroptosis

Patients often experience recurrent upper-abdominal discomfort related to the low position of the stomach, delayed emptying and secondary reflux: Epigastric pain or dull ache, usually within 1 h after meals, worsened by standing or activity and eased by bending forward or hugging the knees Marked fullness: feeling distended after only a small meal, accompanied by frequent belching Dyspepsia: acid regurgitation, nausea, occasional retching with gastric (non-bilious) content Delayed gastric emptying leads to loss of appetite and, in the long term, weight loss and fatigue Some cases report retro-sternal or back radiation, linked to reflux gastritis Symptoms are aggravated by prolonged... Learn more

What Causes Colitis

Inflammation of the colonic mucosa can be triggered by infection, immune dysregulation, impaired blood supply, drugs or radiation. Diet and lifestyle: High intakes of red meat, emulsifiers and sweets, together with smoking and obesity, are considered modern “Western-style” pro-inflammatory factors. Infection: Salmonella, Shigella, Clostridioides difficile, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Entamoeba histolytica directly invade the epithelium, causing acute diarrhoea and bloody stools. Immune factors: Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are autoimmune disorders in which genetically susceptible individuals mount an abnormal T-cell response that continuously attacks the bowel wall. Microbial dysbiosis: Long-term antibiotics and a high-fat, low-fibre diet reduce protective flora and increase... Learn more