Varicocele means the veins inside the scrotum have become swollen and twisted, much like varicose veins in the leg. The condition usually develops slowly and is most often found on the left side. Symptoms can range from none at all to a dull, dragging discomfort that affects daily life.

The first sign is a heavy or dragging ache in the scrotum. It is worse after standing, lifting, or exercising, and eases when you lie down.

A soft, worm-like mass can be felt above the testicle. It is easier to notice in a warm shower or when you are standing.

One testicle may appear smaller or hang lower than the other. The difference is subtle at first but becomes more obvious over months.

Pain can shoot into the groin or lower abdomen during a long day on your feet, and it often disappears after a night of rest.

Some men feel a sudden throb during sex or exercise, as if the veins are being over-filled.

Fertility issues can surface later, but they are rarely the first symptom.