Author Archives: Dr. Li

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About Dr. Li

I am a professional surgeon based in Beijing, China.

What Are the Symptoms of Lymphatic Diseases

Lymphatic diseases cover any disorder that impairs lymph-vessel drainage or nodal function. The most common manifestation is lymphedema—chronic swelling of body tissues—but other signs vary with cause (infection, tumours, trauma, malformation). Typical features include: Pitting or non-pitting swellingProtein-rich fluid collects in the sub-cutis, producing enlargement of the limb, face, genitals or trunk; early swelling pits with pressure, later becomes hard and non-pitting . Heaviness and tightnessPatients describe a constant “weight” or bursting sensation in the affected part, worse toward evening and relieved only by elevation or compression. Reduced range of motionSwelling around joints limits flexion and walking; long-standing disease leads... Learn more

What Are the Symptoms of Chronic Lymphadenitis

Chronic lymphadenitis is a prolonged, low-grade inflammation of lymph nodes, usually lasting more than six weeks. It often follows inadequately treated acute infections, mycobacterial disease, or persistent immune stimulation. Typical features include: Painless or mildly tender rubbery nodesLymph nodes enlarge slowly to 1–3 cm, feel firm but not hard, and remain mobile beneath the skin. Persistent swelling without rednessOverlying skin looks normal; heat, erythema, and fluctuation are absent unless secondary infection occurs. Waxing and waning courseNodes may reduce slightly between flares but never return to baseline size, especially after minor upper-respiratory infections. Mild systemic symptomsLow-grade evening fever, easy fatigability, or... Learn more

What Are the Symptoms of Acute Lymphadenitis

Acute lymphadenitis is a rapid, usually painful enlargement of lymph nodes triggered by bacterial or viral infection. Typical features develop over hours to days and include: Swollen, tender nodeA single node or regional group suddenly enlarges to pea-to-walnut size; the overlying skin feels hot and is painful to touch. Red, warm skinThe surface becomes flushed and edematous as inflammation spreads from node to subcutaneous tissue. Fluctuant massCentral liquefaction produces a soft, “water-bed” sensation, indicating abscess formation. Fever and chillsTemperature often rises to 38–39 °C with rigors, malaise, and night sweats. Spontaneous drainageIf untreated, the abscess may rupture, releasing creamy pus... Learn more

What Are the Symptoms of Scalp Lacerations

Scalp lacerations are tears of the scalp skin produced by blunt or sharp trauma. Because the scalp is richly vascularized, even small wounds can bleed profusely. Typical features include: Immediate heavy bleedingBright-red blood often streams down the face and neck; arterial spurting is possible if the deep temporal or occipital vessels are injured. Visible gap or flapThe wound edges gape open, revealing sub-cutaneous fat, galea, or occasionally bone; hair may hide smaller defects. Pain and localised tendernessSharp pain at the site, worsened by jaw movement or palpation; surrounding bruising and swelling develop quickly. Swelling and hematomaRapidly forming soft or boggy... Learn more

What Are the Symptoms of Cystic Tumors and Cysts

Cystic tumors and cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can arise in any organ or soft tissue. Most are benign and asymptomatic, but enlargement, infection, or malignant change may produce noticeable signs: Painless lump or swellingA smooth, round, compressible mass under the skin or within an organ; usually mobile and grows slowly. Local pressure or achingDull pain develops when the cyst compresses nerves or adjacent structures, especially if it reaches >3–4 cm. Sudden sharp painRapid enlargement, hemorrhage into the cyst, or rupture causes acute localized pain sometimes accompanied by bruising. Change in organ functionOvarian cysts may lead to menstrual irregularity; pancreatic... Learn more