Author Archives: Dr. Li

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About Dr. Li

I am a professional surgeon based in Beijing, China.

Main Symptoms of Costochondritis

Costochondritis is a fancy name for irritation where the ribs meet the breast-bone. It’s common, harmless, and hurts enough to make people worry they’re having a heart attack. Sharp chest pain is the star. It stabs along one side of the breast-bone, especially when you take a deep breath, cough, roll over, or reach for the car seat-belt. Tenderness to touch is classic. Press on the rib edge and you find a sore spot about the size of a fingertip. Pain increases with movement. It spikes when you stretch, lift, or twist, then eases when you stay still. No shortness... Learn more

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Main Symptoms of Mediastinal Disease

The mediastinum is the central chest compartment between the lungs. When something grows or inflames there, it pushes on nearby airways, vessels, and nerves, so symptoms feel “deep” and hard to pinpoint. Chest pressure is the hallmark. It feels like a weight or tight band behind the breastbone, worse with deep breaths or lying flat. Dry cough shows up early. It’s hacking and non-productive, caused by the mass irritating the airway. Shortness of breath creeps in. You puff climbing one flight or can’t finish a sentence while walking. Hoarseness or voice change appears if the tumor presses on the nerve... Learn more

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Main Symptoms of Pectus Excavatum

Pectus excavatum is a chest-wall defect where the breastbone sinks inward, creating a “funnel” or “sunken chest.” It usually shows up in early teens and can worsen during growth spurts. Sunken center is the hallmark. The middle of the chest caves in, especially when you stand up straight or take a deep breath. Tenderness occurs. The depressed bone and nearby cartilage feel sore after sports or when pressed. Posture slumps. Kids roll their shoulders forward to hide the dent, which can lead to back pain over time. Shortness of breath shows up with activity. You puff faster than friends or... Learn more

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Main Symptoms of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease that almost only affects women. Smooth-muscle cells grow in the lung walls and lymph channels, slowly blocking airflow and fluid drainage. Shortness of breath is the star. You puff climbing one flight of stairs or can’t finish a sentence while walking. Chest pain or tightness shows up. It feels like a band around the ribs and gets worse with deep breaths. Cough is dry and persistent. It doesn’t bring up mucus and is worse at night or with activity. Pneumothorax pops up early. A sudden sharp pain and breathlessness mean a lung has... Learn more

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Main Symptoms of Pectus Carinatum

Pectus carinatum is a chest-wall defect where the breastbone juts forward, creating a “keel” or “pigeon chest.” Most cases are spotted in early teens and worsen during growth spurts. Chest bump is the headline. The middle of the ribcage sticks out, especially when you stand up straight or take a deep breath. Tenderness occurs. The raised bone and nearby cartilage feel sore after sports or when pressed. Posture slumps. Kids roll their shoulders forward to hide the bump, which can lead to back pain over time. Shortness of breath shows up with activity. You puff faster than friends or feel... Learn more

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